Velocity of flow at inlet Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary
Formula Used
Flow Velocity at Inlet = Volume Flow Rate/((pi/4)*((Outer diameter of runner^2)-(Diameter of hub^2)))
Vfi = Q/((pi/4)*((Do^2)-(Db^2)))
This formula uses 1 Constants, 4 Variables
Constants Used
pi - Archimedes' constant Value Taken As 3.14159265358979323846264338327950288
Variables Used
Flow Velocity at Inlet - (Measured in Meter per Second) - Flow velocity at inlet is the velocity of the flow at the entrance of the turbine.
Volume Flow Rate - (Measured in Cubic Meter per Second) - Volume Flow Rate is the volume of fluid that passes per unit of time.
Outer diameter of runner - (Measured in Meter) - Outer diameter of runner is the diameter of the outer surface of the runner.
Diameter of hub - (Measured in Meter) - Diameter of hub is the diameter of the surface of the hub which is adjacent to the fluid flow.
STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit
Volume Flow Rate: 43.29 Cubic Meter per Second --> 43.29 Cubic Meter per Second No Conversion Required
Outer diameter of runner: 3.5 Meter --> 3.5 Meter No Conversion Required
Diameter of hub: 1.75 Meter --> 1.75 Meter No Conversion Required
STEP 2: Evaluate Formula
Substituting Input Values in Formula
Vfi = Q/((pi/4)*((Do^2)-(Db^2))) --> 43.29/((pi/4)*((3.5^2)-(1.75^2)))
Evaluating ... ...
Vfi = 5.99929685894805
STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit
5.99929685894805 Meter per Second --> No Conversion Required
FINAL ANSWER
5.99929685894805 5.999297 Meter per Second <-- Flow Velocity at Inlet
(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)

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7 Kaplan Turbine Calculators

Diameter of hub given discharge
Go Diameter of hub = sqrt((Outer diameter of runner^2)-((4/pi)*(Volume Flow Rate/Flow Velocity at Inlet)))
Outer diameter of runner
Go Outer diameter of runner = sqrt((Volume Flow Rate/Flow Velocity at Inlet)*(4/pi)+(Diameter of hub^2))
Velocity of flow at inlet
Go Flow Velocity at Inlet = Volume Flow Rate/((pi/4)*((Outer diameter of runner^2)-(Diameter of hub^2)))
Discharge through runner
Go Volume Flow Rate = (pi/4)*((Outer diameter of runner^2)-(Diameter of hub^2))*Flow Velocity at Inlet
Vane angle at inlet and outlet at extreme edge of runner
Go Vane Angle = atan((Flow Velocity at Inlet)/(Whirl velocity at inlet-Velocity of Vane at Inlet))
Flow velocity given whirl velocity
Go Flow Velocity at Inlet = Whirl velocity at inlet*tan(Guide Blade Angle)
Whirl velocity at inlet
Go Whirl velocity at inlet = Flow Velocity at Inlet/tan(Guide Blade Angle)

Velocity of flow at inlet Formula

Flow Velocity at Inlet = Volume Flow Rate/((pi/4)*((Outer diameter of runner^2)-(Diameter of hub^2)))
Vfi = Q/((pi/4)*((Do^2)-(Db^2)))

How does Kaplan turbine operate?

The Kaplan turbine is an inward flow reaction turbine, which means that the working fluid changes pressure as it moves through the turbine and gives up its energy. Power is recovered from both the hydrostatic head and from the kinetic energy of the flowing water. The design combines features of radial and axial turbines. The inlet is a scroll-shaped tube that wraps around the turbine's wicket gate. Water is directed tangentially through the wicket gate and spirals on to a propeller shaped runner, causing it to spin. The outlet is a specially shaped draft tube that helps decelerate the water and recover kinetic energy. The turbine does not need to be at the lowest point of water flow as long as the draft tube remains full of water. A higher turbine location, however, increases the suction that is imparted on the turbine blades by the draft tube. The resulting pressure drop may lead to cavitation. Kaplan turbine efficiencies are typically over 90%, but may be lower in very low head applications.

What are the other applications of Kaplan turbine?

Kaplan turbines are widely used throughout the world for electrical power production. They cover the lowest head hydro sites and are especially suited for high flow conditions. Inexpensive micro turbines on the Kaplan turbine model are manufactured for individual power production designed for 3 m of head which can work with as little as 0.3 m of head at a highly reduced performance provided sufficient water flow. Large Kaplan turbines are individually designed for each site to operate at the highest possible efficiency, typically over 90%. They are very expensive to design, manufacture and install, but operate for decades.

How to Calculate Velocity of flow at inlet?

Velocity of flow at inlet calculator uses Flow Velocity at Inlet = Volume Flow Rate/((pi/4)*((Outer diameter of runner^2)-(Diameter of hub^2))) to calculate the Flow Velocity at Inlet, The Velocity of flow at inlet formula is used to find the flow velocity in an axial flow turbine when volume flow rate and diameter of hub and runner are known. Flow Velocity at Inlet is denoted by Vfi symbol.

How to calculate Velocity of flow at inlet using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Velocity of flow at inlet, enter Volume Flow Rate (Q), Outer diameter of runner (Do) & Diameter of hub (Db) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Velocity of flow at inlet calculation can be explained with given input values -> 5.999297 = 43.29/((pi/4)*((3.5^2)-(1.75^2))).

FAQ

What is Velocity of flow at inlet?
The Velocity of flow at inlet formula is used to find the flow velocity in an axial flow turbine when volume flow rate and diameter of hub and runner are known and is represented as Vfi = Q/((pi/4)*((Do^2)-(Db^2))) or Flow Velocity at Inlet = Volume Flow Rate/((pi/4)*((Outer diameter of runner^2)-(Diameter of hub^2))). Volume Flow Rate is the volume of fluid that passes per unit of time, Outer diameter of runner is the diameter of the outer surface of the runner & Diameter of hub is the diameter of the surface of the hub which is adjacent to the fluid flow.
How to calculate Velocity of flow at inlet?
The Velocity of flow at inlet formula is used to find the flow velocity in an axial flow turbine when volume flow rate and diameter of hub and runner are known is calculated using Flow Velocity at Inlet = Volume Flow Rate/((pi/4)*((Outer diameter of runner^2)-(Diameter of hub^2))). To calculate Velocity of flow at inlet, you need Volume Flow Rate (Q), Outer diameter of runner (Do) & Diameter of hub (Db). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Volume Flow Rate, Outer diameter of runner & Diameter of hub and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.
How many ways are there to calculate Flow Velocity at Inlet?
In this formula, Flow Velocity at Inlet uses Volume Flow Rate, Outer diameter of runner & Diameter of hub. We can use 1 other way(s) to calculate the same, which is/are as follows -
  • Flow Velocity at Inlet = Whirl velocity at inlet*tan(Guide Blade Angle)
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